对比是议论文的核心。无论是讨论”线上学习vs线下学习”，还是分析”城市生活vs乡村生活”，能把对比写清楚、写有力，分数自然上去。
很多同学只会用”but”或”however”硬转，读起来生硬又单调。今天我们从FT一篇关于5G网络建设的文章里，提取4个高级对比句型——每一个都能直接用在考试作文里。
句型一：despite + 名词短语
原文：Europe has rapidly fallen behind the US and Asia in the race to build 5G networks despite increased investment by the region’s largest players.
为什么好：“despite”比”although”更简洁、更正式。后面直接跟名词短语（despite increased investment），省掉一个从句，句子更紧凑。
学生写法：
Although European companies increased investment, Europe still fell behind.
升级写法：
Europe has fallen behind the US and Asia in 5G deployment despite increased investment from its largest telecom operators.
模板：
[Subject] has/have [verb-ed] [outcome] despite [noun phrase]
造句练习：
Many students still struggle with writing despite spending hours on grammar exercises. (尽管花了很多时间做语法练习，很多学生的写作仍然很吃力。)
句型二：that pales in comparison with…
原文：However, that pales in comparison with the 76 per cent of Americans able to connect to 5G and even higher rates in some parts of Asia…
为什么好：“pale in comparison”是一个非常地道的动词短语，字面意思是”相比之下显得苍白”，实际意思是”远远比不上”。比”is not as good as”生动得多。
学生写法：
Europe’s 5G rate is not as high as America’s 76%.
升级写法：
Europe’s 5G connectivity rate of 24% pales in comparison with America’s 76%.
模板：
[Something] pales in comparison with [something else]
造句练习：
The benefits of reading extensively pale in comparison with the effects of mindless test drilling. (广泛阅读的好处，和盲目刷题的效果相比，是远远被低估的。)
句型三：will add to concerns about…
原文：Europe’s poor performance will add to concerns about the economic impact of the slow pace of network upgrades compared to other regions.
为什么好：这是一个非常标准的”因果推理”句型。“will add to concerns about”既表达了结果（人们更担忧了），又暗示了原因（前文提到的问题），让论证自然流畅。
学生写法：
People are worried that the slow 5G development will hurt the economy.
升级写法：
The slow pace of 5G development will add to concerns about Europe’s economic competitiveness.
模板：
[Problem/Issue] will add to concerns about [broader consequence]
造句练习：
The rising cost of college tuition will add to concerns about educational inequality. (大学学费的上涨将加剧人们对教育不平等的担忧。)
句型四：has long argued that…, but… has stalled
原文：The European Commission has long argued that the continent will play a leading role in the 5G era, going as far as to launch multiple action plans…, but progress has stalled.
为什么好：这个句型展示了一种”高期望 vs 低现实”的对比结构。“has long argued”暗示了持续的努力和信心，“but progress has stalled”则用一个有力的动词”stalled”（停滞）揭示现实落差。非常适合用来讨论”理想很丰满，现实很骨感”的话题。
学生写法：
The government wanted to improve education, but it didn’t work well.
升级写法：
The government has long argued that education reform is a top priority, but meaningful progress has stalled due to budget constraints.
模板：
[Authority/Expert] has long argued that [goal/vision], but [outcome/result] has stalled
造句练习：
Educators have long argued that students should read more extensively, but the push for test scores has stalled this shift. (教育者一直主张学生应该更广泛地阅读，但是对分数的追求让这一转变停滞不前。)
总结
这4个句型有一个共同点：它们都让”对比”这件事变得更有层次，而不是简单地说”but A is not as good as B”。
| 句型 | 适用场景 | 替换对象 |
|---|---|---|
| despite + noun phrase | 让步对比 | although + clause |
| pale in comparison with | 明显的差距对比 | not as good as |
| add to concerns about | 因果推理+问题影响 | make people worry about |
| has long argued that…, but… has stalled | 理想与现实的落差 | wanted to…, but… |
下次写议论文时，试着把其中一个句型塞进你的论证段落——读者（和阅卷老师）会明显感觉到你的表达上了一个台阶。
厦门灯塔 · 专业英语作文逐句批改 | 微信 linstudio799