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为什么要读这篇？
反垄断（antitrust）话题听起来很专业，但它报道逻辑非常清晰——某方指控某方做了什么，造成了什么后果，双方各执一词。这种论证结构，恰恰是中考、高考、雅思大作文最常用的逻辑框架。
今天从FT一篇关于华盛顿特区起诉亚马逊的报道中，提取5个可直接搬进考场作文的表达。
FT原文精选
Washington DC has sued Amazon for allegedly violating the district’s competition laws by illegally tying merchants to restrictive selling rules.
Karl Racine accused the ecommerce giant of charging third-party merchants fees of as much as 40 per cent of a product’s price, and then requiring them not to charge less on other platforms.
The new lawsuit claimed Amazon’s “restrictive contracts” artificially inflate prices for consumers.
“Amazon wins because it controls pricing across the online retail sales market, putting itself at an advantage over everyone else,” he said.
“The DC attorney-general has it exactly backwards — sellers set their own prices for the products they offer in our store,” the company said in a statement.
The case brought by Racine will be seen as a test for whether other states can build their own cases against Amazon.
中文对照：华盛顿特区起诉亚马逊涉嫌违反当地竞争法……新诉讼称亚马逊的”限制性合同”人为抬高了消费者价格……”亚马逊之所以成功是因为它控制了定价，使自己相对于其他平台处于优势。""哥伦比亚特区总检察长完全是本末倒置。”……此案将被视为其他州能否对亚马逊提起诉讼的一次考验。
5个考场高分表达
1. sue … for allegedly + V-ing 起诉某人涉嫌做某事
原文出处： “Washington DC has sued Amazon for allegedly violating the district’s competition laws.”
为什么好： 很多学生写”批评某人做某事”只会用 criticize 或 blame。sue for allegedly doing 是一个法律-论证语境的高频结构，用在议论文中能瞬间提升论证的正式度和说服力。
| 学生写法 | 升级写法 |
|---|---|
| Many people criticize companies for polluting the environment. | Many people sue companies for allegedly polluting the environment. |
| Some say the government didn’t do its job. | Some sue the government for allegedly failing to protect citizens’ rights. |
例句： Residents sued the factory for allegedly discharging toxic waste into the river, demanding compensation for health damage.
2. artificially inflate 人为抬高
原文出处： “The new lawsuit claimed Amazon’s ‘restrictive contracts’ artificially inflate prices for consumers.”
为什么好： 表达”价格上涨”时，多数学生只会用 prices go up 或 prices increase。artificially inflate 不仅精准传递了”被人为推高”的含义，而且inflate这个词本身比increase更有力度——它暗示了不合理、非自然的膨胀。
| 学生写法 | 升级写法 |
|---|---|
| The new policy made housing prices go up. | The new policy artificially inflated housing prices. |
| Companies raise prices without reason. | Companies artificially inflate prices to maximize profits. |
例句： Speculation in the real estate market has artificially inflated property values, making housing unaffordable for young people.
3. put … at an advantage over … 使……相对于……处于优势
原文出处： “Amazon wins because it controls pricing across the online retail sales market, putting itself at an advantage over everyone else.”
为什么好： 写比较类作文时，学生常重复 A is better than B。put A at an advantage over B 不仅更正式，而且能清晰地表达因果关系——是某个因素（而不是泛泛的比较）让一方占优。
| 学生写法 | 升级写法 |
|---|---|
| Technology makes this company better than others. | Technology puts this company at an advantage over its competitors. |
| Good education helps students do better. | Early exposure to English puts these students at an advantage over their peers. |
例句： Bilingual education puts children from international schools at an advantage over those from regular public schools when applying to top universities.
4. have it exactly backwards 完全搞反了 / 本末倒置
原文出处： “The DC attorney-general has it exactly backwards — sellers set their own prices for the products they offer in our store.”
为什么好： 这是议论文反驳对方论点的神器。多数学生反驳时只会写 I don't agree 或 That's wrong，语气生硬且缺乏力度。have it exactly backwards 不仅语气到位，而且自带一种”你们完全理解错了”的自信感。
| 学生写法 | 升级写法 |
|---|---|
| I don’t think technology is making us lazy. | Critics have it exactly backwards — technology actually frees us to focus on creative work. |
| Some people think exams are useless. But they are wrong. | Those who dismiss exams have it exactly backwards — assessments drive learning motivation. |
例句： Many parents believe that more homework leads to better grades. They have it exactly backwards — excessive homework often reduces learning efficiency and kills curiosity.
5. be seen as a test for … 被视为……的考验/试金石
原文出处： “The case will be seen as a test for whether other states can build their own cases against Amazon.”
为什么好： 写预测性、展望性的结尾段落时，学生常用 This will show whether...。be seen as a test for 更书面化、更学术，而且自带变被动为客观的效果，适合用在议论文结尾段。
| 学生写法 | 升级写法 |
|---|---|
| This will show whether the new policy works. | This policy will be seen as a test for whether the government can balance economic growth and environmental protection. |
| This exam can tell if a student is good or not. | The college entrance exam is seen as a test for not only academic ability but also mental resilience. |
例句： The upcoming climate summit will be seen as a test for whether the international community can move beyond empty promises and take real action.
写作建议：从”对抗性论证”学框架
这篇FT文章有个值得模仿的结构：指控 → 证据 → 反方回应 → 结果判断。这个四步法可以套用在几乎所有议论文中：
- 指控（Claim）： “Some argue that…” / “Critics have sued…for…”
- 证据（Evidence）： “They claim that this has artificially inflated…”
- 反方回应（Rebuttal）： “However, supporters have it exactly backwards…”
- 结果判断（Judgment）： “The debate will be seen as a test for…”
下次写议论文时，试试用这个四步框架，而不是”First, Second, Third”式地罗列观点。
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