原文片段
Nicolas Sarkozy has been sentenced to three years in prison, including two suspended, after a Paris court found the former French president guilty of corruption and influence peddling.
Sarkozy, who maintained his innocence and will appeal, is the second French leader under the Fifth Republic to be convicted after leaving office.
Prosecutors said Sarkozy in 2014 promised to help Azibert get a job in Monaco in exchange for information related to another case.
The court decided that the offer in exchange for confidential information was sufficient evidence of corruption.
为什么这些表达值得学？
很多中国学生写英语作文，用的是”安全词”——正确的、但平淡的。上面的四个表达，有两个特点：
- 地道 —— 英美媒体和法律文书高频使用，阅卷老师一看就是”读过外刊”的水平
- 可迁移 —— 不只是法律场景，议论文、记叙文、图表作文都能用
逐项拆解
1. found sb guilty of sth / be found guilty of
学生写法： The court said he did something wrong.
升级写法： The court found him guilty of fraud.
原理： find + 宾语 + 宾补（形容词） 是一个极其实用的句型，表示”判定某人处于某种状态”。
| 学生写法 | 升级写法 |
|---|---|
| The teacher said he cheated. | The teacher found him guilty of cheating. |
| People think the company caused the pollution. | The company was found guilty of causing pollution. |
| Experts say smartphones harm students. | Smartphones are found harmful to students’ concentration. |
模板： [某人/机构] found [宾语] guilty of [错误行为/罪名] / [宾语] was found guilty of [错误行为]
造句练习：
The investigation found the school guilty of neglecting students’ mental health. Several companies were found guilty of violating environmental regulations.
2. maintained his innocence / maintain that…
学生写法： He said he didn’t do it.
升级写法： He maintained his innocence throughout the trial.
原理： maintain 作动词时不只是”维持”，还可以表示”坚持声称”——比 say/claim 更正式、更坚定。
| 学生写法 | 升级写法 |
|---|---|
| The student said he didn’t copy. | The student maintained his innocence. |
| She said the policy was unfair. | She maintains that the policy is fundamentally unfair. |
| Many people say traditional education is better. | Many people maintain that traditional education yields better results. |
模板： [主语] maintained his/her innocence / [主语] maintains that + 从句
造句练习：
The athlete maintained his innocence despite the overwhelming evidence. Some experts maintain that social media does more harm than good to teenagers.
3. in exchange for
学生写法： He helped him to get something back.
升级写法： He promised to help him in exchange for confidential information.
原理： in exchange for 比 to get / in return for 更正式、更精确，在议论文中讨论”代价与回报”时极为实用。
| 学生写法 | 升级写法 |
|---|---|
| She worked hard to get a promotion. | She worked hard in exchange for a promotion. |
| Students do homework to get good grades. | Students do homework in exchange for good grades. |
| He gave up his free time to earn money. | He gave up his free time in exchange for money. |
模板： [主语] [动词] [宾语] in exchange for [回报/交换物]
造句练习：
Many young people move to big cities in exchange for better career opportunities. The company promised higher salaries in exchange for longer working hours.
4. sufficient evidence of / sufficient…to…
学生写法： There is enough proof that he did this.
升级写法： The court found sufficient evidence of corruption.
原理： sufficient 比 enough 更正式、更学术。sufficient evidence of + 名词 是一个高分的固定搭配。
| 学生写法 | 升级写法 |
|---|---|
| There is enough proof that he is hardworking. | There is sufficient evidence of his diligence. |
| We have enough reasons to believe the plan works. | We have sufficient reasons to believe the plan will succeed. |
| The student didn’t have enough preparation. | The student did not have sufficient preparation for the exam. |
模板： sufficient evidence of + 名词 / sufficient + 名词 + to do
造句练习：
The report provides sufficient evidence of the benefits of reading regularly. There is sufficient data to conclude that the new method is more effective.
综合练习：一篇范文
把四个表达串起来写一个关于”校园诚信”的段落：
Topic: Academic Honesty
Last semester, a student was found guilty of plagiarism by the school’s academic committee. The committee found sufficient evidence of copied content in his thesis. The student, however, maintained his innocence, claiming he had only used the sources as references. Finally, he accepted a suspension in exchange for dropping the formal charges. This case reminds us that honesty is the foundation of academic achievement.
总结
这四个表达的共同点是——它们都是”观点的动词/短语”。写议论文时，你总是在表达判断、证明、主张。用上这些表达，作文会立刻从”初中水平”进入”读外刊”的档次。
记住这个思路：不是用对的词，而是用好的词。
厦门灯塔 · 专业英语作文逐句批改 | 微信 linstudio799